Incarceration and Health: Prison

Showing posts with label Prison. Show all posts

Friday, September 18, 2015

Number U.S. Adults on Probation, 1980-2013

Via: http://ht.ly/SpNTP

U.S. Adult Community Supervision Rate, 1980-2013

Via: http://ht.ly/SpNam

Saturday, September 12, 2015

Musculoskeletal Disorder Symptoms in Correction Officers: Why Do They Increase Rapidly with Job Tenure?

COs are exposed to levels of biomechanical and psychosocial stressors that have strong associations with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in other occupations, possibly contributing to their rapid health deterioration.

Baseline survey data from a longitudinal study of COs and manufacturing line workers were used to model musculoskeletal symptom prevalence and intensity in the upper (UE) and lower (LE) extremity. Outcomes were regressed on demographics and biomechanical and psychosocial exposures.

COs reported significantly higher prevalence and intensity of LE symptoms compared to the industrial workers. In regression models, job tenure was a primary driver of CO musculoskeletal outcomes. In CO models, a single biomechanical exposure, head and arms in awkward positions, explained variance in both UE and LE prevalence (β of 0.338 and 0.357, respectively), and low decision latitude was associated with increased LE prevalence and intensity (β of 0.229 and 0.233, respectively). Manufacturing models were less explanatory. Examining demographic associations with exposure intensity, we found none to be significant in manufacturing, but in CO models, important psychosocial exposure levels increased with job tenure.

Symptom prevalence and intensity increased more rapidly with job tenure in corrections, compared to manufacturing, and were related to both biomechanical and psychosocial exposures. Tenure-related increases in psychosocial exposure levels may help explain the CO symptom increase.

Although exposure assessment improvements are proposed, findings suggest focusing on improving the psychosocial work environment to reduce MSD prevalence and intensity in corrections.

Via: http://ht.ly/S8h74

By: Warren N1, Dussetschleger J2, Punnett L3, Cherniack MG2.

1University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington warren@nso.uchc.edu.
2University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington.
3University of Massachusetts, Lowell.

Thursday, September 10, 2015

Total Correctional Population in U.S.

Via: http://ht.ly/S42a3

Wednesday, September 9, 2015

Drug Management of Prisoners: Role of the Pharmaceutical Staff to Ensure Patient Safety

In the prisons of Lyon, drug management of inmates implies cooperation between general practitioners, psychiatrists and pharmacists. All the medical prescriptions are reviewed by the pharmacists of the medical unit. The aim of this work was to synthesize the pharmaceutical interventions performed and show the implication of the pharmaceutical staff in detecting and handling prescribing errors.

Among the 18,205 prescriptions reviewed, 4064 (22.3%) had a prescription error. The main problems encountered were by decreasing order of frequency: missing monitoring (15% of the interventions), lack of compliance (13%), over dosage (10%), lack of conformity with recommendations or consensus (8%). Interventions were accepted in 78% cases. Most prescribing errors implied medications of the central nervous system. Among the interventions, 8% were initiated by pharmacy technicians, mainly lack of compliance.

The pharmaceutical interventions reported reflected actions of securisation initiated by the pharmacists in cooperation with physicians: monitoring of patients taking antipsychotic medications or benzodiazepines maximal dosages. Besides, in this population with a high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities and important suicide rate, detection of patients with default of compliance is one of the keys for drug optimization among these patients as it is an explanation for therapeutic failure.

Via: http://ht.ly/S1dxm

By: Lalande L1, Bertin C2, Rioufol C3, Boleor P3, Cabelguenne D2.

1Unité de pharmacie clinique en milieu carcéral, maison d'arrêt de Lyon-Corbas, groupement hospitalier Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, boulevard des Nations, 69960 Corbas, France. Electronic address: laure.lalande@chu-lyon.fr.
2Unité de pharmacie clinique en milieu carcéral, maison d'arrêt de Lyon-Corbas, groupement hospitalier Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, boulevard des Nations, 69960 Corbas, France.
3Service de pharmacie, groupement hospitalier Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, bâtiment 3A, 165, chemin du Grand-Revoyet, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France.